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An Overview of COVID-19 Treatment: Possible Candidates Based on Drug Repurposing and Molecular Docking

    Mai Abdelgawad Sahar Allam Maha Abdelmonaem Shaheen Mohamed Ali Hussein Hoda Azmy Elkot Aya A. Gaber Khaled A. Marghany Asmaa A. Abdelwahab Rewan H. Alashrey Hoda Y. Abdallah

Canadian Journal of Medicine, 2021, Volume 3, Issue 1, Pages 10-35
10.33844/cjm.2021.60499

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Abstract

The current pandemic of COVID-19 is considered a worldwide threat to public health caused
by a novel type of coronaviridae family called SARS-CoV-2. Owing to the urge of finding a
treatment for this virulent virus, many aspects of drug development are swept aside. This
review aimed to clarify the double-edged sword of drug repurposing in COVID-19 via
summarizing the available treatment options and promising candidates for COVID-19 based
on drug repurposing preclinical studies and in-silico approach. Different drugs target SARS
CoV-2 main structures under clinical investigation; some showed limited efficacy and severe
side effects, while others can be promising solutions. Some drugs suppress the cytokine storm
and modulate immune response during viral infection, including anti-interleukin and
glucocorticoids. Antiparasitic agents are repurposed for SARS-CoV-2 infection management.
Various vaccines and monoclonal antibodies are designed against SARS-CoV-2 and are being
evaluated in different preclinical and clinical stages. However, none of them is approved yet.
Convalescent Plasma Transfusion is a promising strategy against SARS-CoV-2 infection,
where impressive results are reported in clinical trials, requiring more validation. Furthermore,
anticoagulant therapy exhibited better disease outcomes in patients admitted to the ICU.
Finally, in-silico studies suggested several potential compounds or FDA-approved drugs
targeting various viral structure subunits. In conclusion, although many clinical trials were
launched to examine potential therapies based on drug repurposing for COVID-19, there is no
definitive treatment till now. Moreover, computational approaches identified several
compounds and FDA-approved drugs with potential inhibitory effects.
Keywords:
    SARS-CoV-2 Antiviral Drugs Vaccine Convalescent Plasma In-silico Studies
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Mai Abdelgawad, Sahar Allam, Maha Abdelmonaem Shaheen, Mohamed Ali Hussein, Hoda Azmy Elkot, Aya A. Gaber, Khaled A. Marghany, Asmaa A. Abdelwahab, Rewan H. Alashrey, Hoda Y. Abdallah (2021). An Overview of COVID-19 Treatment: Possible Candidates Based on Drug Repurposing and Molecular Docking. Canadian Journal of Medicine, 3(1), 10-35. doi: 10.33844/cjm.2021.60499
Mai Abdelgawad; Sahar Allam; Maha Abdelmonaem Shaheen; Mohamed Ali Hussein; Hoda Azmy Elkot; Aya A. Gaber; Khaled A. Marghany; Asmaa A. Abdelwahab; Rewan H. Alashrey; Hoda Y. Abdallah. "An Overview of COVID-19 Treatment: Possible Candidates Based on Drug Repurposing and Molecular Docking". Canadian Journal of Medicine, 3, 1, 2021, 10-35. doi: 10.33844/cjm.2021.60499
Mai Abdelgawad, Sahar Allam, Maha Abdelmonaem Shaheen, Mohamed Ali Hussein, Hoda Azmy Elkot, Aya A. Gaber, Khaled A. Marghany, Asmaa A. Abdelwahab, Rewan H. Alashrey, Hoda Y. Abdallah (2021). 'An Overview of COVID-19 Treatment: Possible Candidates Based on Drug Repurposing and Molecular Docking', Canadian Journal of Medicine, 3(1), pp. 10-35. doi: 10.33844/cjm.2021.60499
Mai Abdelgawad, Sahar Allam, Maha Abdelmonaem Shaheen, Mohamed Ali Hussein, Hoda Azmy Elkot, Aya A. Gaber, Khaled A. Marghany, Asmaa A. Abdelwahab, Rewan H. Alashrey, Hoda Y. Abdallah An Overview of COVID-19 Treatment: Possible Candidates Based on Drug Repurposing and Molecular Docking. Canadian Journal of Medicine, 2021; 3(1): 10-35. doi: 10.33844/cjm.2021.60499
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